Monday, August 27, 2012

Re: [LINUX_Newbies] Re: (unknown)

I do that in Fedora, too. I use sudo and things are more consistent for me.

Roy
Using Kubuntu 12.04, 64-bit
Location: Canada


On 26 August 2012 20:37, Paul <pfrederick1@yahoo.com> wrote:

> **
>
>
>
>
> --- In LINUX_Newbies@yahoogroups.com, Roy <linuxcanuck@...> wrote:
> >
> > I guess it is easier to remember for Debian or Fedora users to use su
> than
> > -s because that is the terminal command in those environments. Both su an
> > -s will work. I recommend using whatever you can remember, but just be
> > consistent. Insisting on one way can lead to confusion in my experience.
> In
> > Fedora it is su - to make things more confusing. But in Debian it is just
> > su. I find telling people to use su is more consistent with the way it is
> > done by Debian. If one is coming from more of a Unix or BSD background
> then
> > sudo -s makes sense, but these people are rare. I blame Canonical for
> > mixing sudo into a Debian shell. ;) It confounded me for a long time and
> > now I struggle with su - in Fedora.
> >
> > Roy
> > Using Kubuntu 12.04, 64-bit
> > Location: Canada
> >
> >
>
> To me su means switch user and sudo means switch user and do. It is rare I
> really want to switch my user. I usually just want the permissions in order
> to do something so for me sudo seems to better describe what I want. When I
> install Debian I do not even get sudo by default. I have to explicitly
> install it, then configure it myself. I don't do a typical desktop install
> though. Far from it.
>
> Just to head off all the folks that want to cry I am wrong, they get it
> when they install, etc. To that I say that's nice. If anyone wishes to
> duplicate how I install pick expert install, then choose nothing, done.
>
> There are likely many things about my systems that are atypical. Years of
> practice ...
>
>
>


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Sunday, August 26, 2012

[LINUX_Newbies] Re: (unknown)

 



--- In LINUX_Newbies@yahoogroups.com, Roy <linuxcanuck@...> wrote:
>
> I guess it is easier to remember for Debian or Fedora users to use su than
> -s because that is the terminal command in those environments. Both su an
> -s will work. I recommend using whatever you can remember, but just be
> consistent. Insisting on one way can lead to confusion in my experience. In
> Fedora it is su - to make things more confusing. But in Debian it is just
> su. I find telling people to use su is more consistent with the way it is
> done by Debian. If one is coming from more of a Unix or BSD background then
> sudo -s makes sense, but these people are rare. I blame Canonical for
> mixing sudo into a Debian shell. ;) It confounded me for a long time and
> now I struggle with su - in Fedora.
>
> Roy
> Using Kubuntu 12.04, 64-bit
> Location: Canada
>
>

To me su means switch user and sudo means switch user and do. It is rare I really want to switch my user. I usually just want the permissions in order to do something so for me sudo seems to better describe what I want. When I install Debian I do not even get sudo by default. I have to explicitly install it, then configure it myself. I don't do a typical desktop install though. Far from it.

Just to head off all the folks that want to cry I am wrong, they get it when they install, etc. To that I say that's nice. If anyone wishes to duplicate how I install pick expert install, then choose nothing, done.

There are likely many things about my systems that are atypical. Years of practice ...

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Monday, August 20, 2012

Re: [LINUX_Newbies] Re: (unknown)

I guess it is easier to remember for Debian or Fedora users to use su than
-s because that is the terminal command in those environments. Both su an
-s will work. I recommend using whatever you can remember, but just be
consistent. Insisting on one way can lead to confusion in my experience. In
Fedora it is su - to make things more confusing. But in Debian it is just
su. I find telling people to use su is more consistent with the way it is
done by Debian. If one is coming from more of a Unix or BSD background then
sudo -s makes sense, but these people are rare. I blame Canonical for
mixing sudo into a Debian shell. ;) It confounded me for a long time and
now I struggle with su - in Fedora.

Roy
Using Kubuntu 12.04, 64-bit
Location: Canada


On 20 August 2012 15:01, Paul <pfrederick1@yahoo.com> wrote:

> **
>
>
>
>
> --- In LINUX_Newbies@yahoogroups.com, Roy <linuxcanuck@...> wrote:
> >
> > You use root in Ubuntu using sudo. There is no separate root password or
> a
> > root user. To use it, you use the command sudo before the operation such
> as
> > 'sudo nautilus' will open the file manager as root or 'sudo apt-get
> update'
> > to update your package list. You always use sudo before the command for
> > anything requiring root access. You will only be asked for the password
> the
> > first time, though. You can use 'sudo su' to switch to root and then not
> > bother with sudo anymore (for that terminal session). You will get the
> > traditional # to show you are root instead of the $ used in sudo.
> >
> > Let us know if the password problem continues. That can be fixed too.
> >
>
> sudo su?
>
> Why not sudo -s?
>
> sudo su sounds too much like a Phil Collins song for my tastes.
>
>
>


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]



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[LINUX_Newbies] Re: (unknown)

 



--- In LINUX_Newbies@yahoogroups.com, Roy <linuxcanuck@...> wrote:
>
> You use root in Ubuntu using sudo. There is no separate root password or a
> root user. To use it, you use the command sudo before the operation such as
> 'sudo nautilus' will open the file manager as root or 'sudo apt-get update'
> to update your package list. You always use sudo before the command for
> anything requiring root access. You will only be asked for the password the
> first time, though. You can use 'sudo su' to switch to root and then not
> bother with sudo anymore (for that terminal session). You will get the
> traditional # to show you are root instead of the $ used in sudo.
>
> Let us know if the password problem continues. That can be fixed too.
>

sudo su?

Why not sudo -s?

sudo su sounds too much like a Phil Collins song for my tastes.

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Re: [LINUX_Newbies] (unknown)

 

On Mon, Aug 20, 2012 at 6:45 AM, Roy <linuxcanuck@gmail.com> wrote:
> You use root in Ubuntu using sudo. There is no separate root password or a
> root user. To use it, you use the command sudo before the operation such as
> 'sudo nautilus' will open the file manager as root or 'sudo apt-get update'
> to update your package list. You always use sudo before the command for
> anything requiring root access. You will only be asked for the password the
> first time, though. You can use 'sudo su' to switch to root and then not
> bother with sudo anymore (for that terminal session). You will get the
> traditional # to show you are root instead of the $ used in sudo.
>
> Let us know if the password problem continues. That can be fixed too.
>
> Roy
> Using Kubuntu 12.04, 64-bit
> Location: Canada

In addition to what Roy said, there actually IS a root account on
Ubuntu but it's mostly not enabled, and as Roy said, you would use
sudo to perform root level tasks.

However, there are some rare occasions where you actually can't use
sudo out of the box and want to be root, and if you absolutely need to
be root, you want to do the following:

sudo su -

this will use su (switch user) to switch you into the root account and
the - tells it to give you the path for that account. if you leave
the - off of the command, you'll switch to the root user, but have
your normal user path, which may not work well.

That all being said, I just mention it to be complete, you will not
need to do this for 99% of anything you want to do on your system.
Just use sudo, it's cleaner and easier.

Cheers,

Jeff

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Re: [LINUX_Newbies] (unknown)

You use root in Ubuntu using sudo. There is no separate root password or a
root user. To use it, you use the command sudo before the operation such as
'sudo nautilus' will open the file manager as root or 'sudo apt-get update'
to update your package list. You always use sudo before the command for
anything requiring root access. You will only be asked for the password the
first time, though. You can use 'sudo su' to switch to root and then not
bother with sudo anymore (for that terminal session). You will get the
traditional # to show you are root instead of the $ used in sudo.

Let us know if the password problem continues. That can be fixed too.

Roy
Using Kubuntu 12.04, 64-bit
Location: Canada


On 19 August 2012 11:47, william vanderstarre <william32062000@yahoo.com>wrote:

> **
>
>
> how do use root in Ubuntu.. i"m punting my password in.
> and its saying Authentication failure.. do have set up root first ?
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
>
>


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]



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[LINUX_Newbies] How to Use Root on Ubuntu

 



--- In LINUX_Newbies@yahoogroups.com, william vanderstarre <william32062000@...> wrote:
>
> how do use root in Ubuntu.. i"m punting my password in.
>  and its saying Authentication  failure.. do have set up root first ?
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>

I think Ubuntu wants you to use sudo. If you want a persistent root shell then use sudo -s. When sudo asks you for your password it wants your user's password, not root's.

What does Ubuntu do when you drop into single user mode? It has to give you a "real" root shell then doesn't it? I don't know, I run Debian which does allow me to login as root. I never do though. I took the trouble of setting up sudo on Debian and just use sudo if I need root access. Good enough.

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Sunday, August 19, 2012

[LINUX_Newbies] (unknown)

 

how do use root in Ubuntu.. i"m punting my password in.
 and its saying Authentication  failure.. do have set up root first ?

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

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[nslu2-linux] php fcgi in6addr_any errors

 

Hello Everyone,

I'm hoping someone can help me debug my problems with a mbwe-bluering 1st ed. I recently changed opt feeds from gumstix1151 to mbwe-bluering hoping it would have better packages. It then broke php for me using lighttpd. Anyway, when starting the server, I get...

/opt/bin/php-fcgi: can't resolve symbol '__in6addr_any'
2012-08-19 02:56:21: (mod_fastcgi.c.920) child exited: 1 
2012-08-19 02:56:21: (mod_fastcgi.c.923) if you try do run PHP as FastCGI backend make sure you use the FastCGI enabled version.
You can find out if it is the right one by executing 'php -v' and it should display '(cgi-fcgi)' in the output, NOT (cgi) NOR (cli)
2012-08-19 02:56:21: (mod_fastcgi.c.1200) [ERROR]: spawning fcgi failed. 
2012-08-19 02:56:21: (server.c.673) Configuration of plugins failed. Going down. 

Now if I revert to the gumstix feed and re-install php + php-fcgi, restart lighttpd, it works again, no problems. Of course the easy way would be to do that. I'm pulling hair out trying to figure out why old version succeeds while the newer fails. The gumstix php versions are 5.2.12-1 while the mbwe-bluering versions are 5.2.17-2. Any insights?

I should also mention that php -v produces the CLI version whilst on the bluering version and it produces php-fcgi on the gumstix.

Best,

Wesley Turner-Harris
Web Developer @ Barrel

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Saturday, August 18, 2012

[LINUX_Newbies] Re: Changing Kernel Config

 



--- In LINUX_Newbies@yahoogroups.com, "Kaushik" <kaushik_mailbox@...> wrote:
>
>
>
>
> Yes you are correct. But the problem i was facing is that .config is an auto gen file and should not be changed manually. Even if you change it and build the kernel, the value again gets set to 'y' irrespective of your change. So i was looking for an option from the menuconfig.
>
> I found out the way.
>
> Under /arch/i386 (checked with 'uname -a' and confirmed my architecture)there is the Kconfig file which sets a default value for all these configuration flags. Changing it to 'n' there for GENERIC_CMOS_UPDATE disables the flag and reflects the change in .config.
> It works now and can be closed :)

What are you talking about? Of course you change it in menuconfig. The "/" works there. You only look at stuff in the generated config file. I never told you to edit the config file did I? Just to double check to make sure you had the parameter name and setting correct.

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[LINUX_Newbies] Re: Changing Kernel Config

 



Yes you are correct. But the problem i was facing is that .config is an auto gen file and should not be changed manually. Even if you change it and build the kernel, the value again gets set to 'y' irrespective of your change. So i was looking for an option from the menuconfig.

I found out the way.

Under /arch/i386 (checked with 'uname -a' and confirmed my architecture)there is the Kconfig file which sets a default value for all these configuration flags. Changing it to 'n' there for GENERIC_CMOS_UPDATE disables the flag and reflects the change in .config.
It works now and can be closed :)

--- In LINUX_Newbies@yahoogroups.com, "Paul" <pfrederick1@...> wrote:
>
>
>
> --- In LINUX_Newbies@yahoogroups.com, "Kaushik" <kaushik_mailbox@> wrote:
> >
> > I need to change a particular flag (CONFIG_GENERIC_CMOS_UPDATE) in Kernel Config file. I tried using the "make menuconfig" to browse through the editor but did not found the suitable option to change this particular flag from 'y' to 'n'.
> > Any ideas?
> >
>
> Use the search function. Hit the "/" key when you are in menuconfig. How's that for an idea? You can also grep your .config file just to make sure you have the term correct. Things change a lot in kernels.
>
> I just checked my config file and I have it set to "y" here.
>
> pfred1@buck:/boot$ grep -i cmos config-2.6.320
> CONFIG_GENERIC_CMOS_UPDATE=y
>
> So I'll just close by saying, it works here :)
>

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[LINUX_Newbies] Re: Changing Kernel Config

 



--- In LINUX_Newbies@yahoogroups.com, "Kaushik" <kaushik_mailbox@...> wrote:
>
> I need to change a particular flag (CONFIG_GENERIC_CMOS_UPDATE) in Kernel Config file. I tried using the "make menuconfig" to browse through the editor but did not found the suitable option to change this particular flag from 'y' to 'n'.
> Any ideas?
>

Use the search function. Hit the "/" key when you are in menuconfig. How's that for an idea? You can also grep your .config file just to make sure you have the term correct. Things change a lot in kernels.

I just checked my config file and I have it set to "y" here.

pfred1@buck:/boot$ grep -i cmos config-2.6.320
CONFIG_GENERIC_CMOS_UPDATE=y

So I'll just close by saying, it works here :)

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Friday, August 17, 2012

[LINUX_Newbies] Changing Kernel Config

 

I need to change a particular flag (CONFIG_GENERIC_CMOS_UPDATE) in Kernel Config file. I tried using the "make menuconfig" to browse through the editor but did not found the suitable option to change this particular flag from 'y' to 'n'.
Any ideas?

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Thursday, August 16, 2012

Re: [LINUX_Newbies] Interacting with /dev/rfcomm0

 

On 15Aug2012 23:07, alexfishersalias <alexfishersmail@gmail.com> wrote:
| Hi - I have been using a bluetooth module (RN41) to connect an Arduino
| to an Android phone using an ap called 'Bluetooth Chat'. This lets me
| pass ascii characters between the devices.
|
| I'm trying to replace the Android device with a Bluetooth (adapter)
| enabled pc running Ubuntu 10.04 LTS.
|
| I'v connected to the Bluetooth module and been informed that the
| connection is available via /dev/rfcomm0.
|
| Does anyone know a simple(?) way to send & receive characters via /dev/rfcomm0?

I would naively expect it to be an normal looking serial device.
Open it, read and write strings. Use stty or ioctl or termios to set the
speed if relevant.

Otherwise, more background info needed.

Disclaimer: I've used serial devices including GSM modems but haven't
done anything technical with Bluetooth. But if it presents as a
character device (ls will tell you that) then it should just let you
open it and do I/O with read/write.

What's your implementation language?
--
Cameron Simpson <cs@zip.com.au>

The nice thing about standards is that you have so many to choose from;
furthermore, if you do not like any of them, you can just wait for next
year's model. - Andrew S. Tanenbaum

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Wednesday, August 15, 2012

[LINUX_Newbies] Interacting with /dev/rfcomm0

 

Hi - I have been using a bluetooth module (RN41) to connect an Arduino to an Android phone using an ap called 'Bluetooth Chat'. This lets me pass ascii characters between the devices.

I'm trying to replace the Android device with a Bluetooth (adapter) enabled pc running Ubuntu 10.04 LTS.

I'v connected to the Bluetooth module and been informed that the connection is available via /dev/rfcomm0.

Does anyone know a simple(?) way to send & receive characters via /dev/rfcomm0?

Thanks - Alex.

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Wednesday, August 8, 2012

[nslu2-linux] sendmail needs updating

 

unslung sendmail has a couple of issues - perhaps the maintainer can address them as I don't have a build environment. (My goal is to port my normal production sendmail configuration to unlsung, modified slightly to serve as a secondary queuing bastion host that can survive a long power failure on UPS...)

1) The latest version is 8.14.5 (+ a patch, both at http://sendmail.com/sm/open_source/download/8.14.5/; the patch is listed under "errata".) The current ipkg is 8.14.2.

2) The ipkg doesn't include the files necessary to configure sendmail; e.g. /usr/share/sendmail-cf (should install to /opt/usr/share/sendmail-cf; /usr/share/sendmail-cf can symlink to this). Some distributions package these separately; if that route is chosen, note that m4 is a dependency.)

3) symlinks should be installed from /var/spool/{client,}mqueue to /opt/var/spool/{client,}mqueue

4) Normal security options for sendmail require SASL support - unslung sendmail isn't compiled with it. (I copied the sendmail-cf stuff from a fedora system and rebuilt sendmail.cf on unslung to get this far.)

#/opt/etc/init.d/S69sendmail start
starting service sendmail Warning: Option: AuthMechanisms requires SASL support (-DSASL)
Warning: Option: AuthOptions requires SASL support (-DSASL)
ok

SASL support needs to be turned on - otherwise one can't require SSL authentication for relay. This should be easy as sasl-libs are already available.

5) cyrus-sasl-libs should be a dependency

6) S69sendmail should have a 'status' command; also the -L and -q flag values should be settable from a config file (e.g. /opt/etc/sysconfig/sendmail)

Thanks!

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Tuesday, August 7, 2012

[LINUX_Newbies] tcpdump or wireshark

 

Hi,

I am trying to capture manually crafted IP packets, created using Scapy, to a pcap file that can later be replayed using tcpreplay.

When using wireshark, I can successfully capture these packets and view them in wireshark.
However, when using tcpdump, these packets are then shown in wireshark as malformed packets. It seems like tcpdump wrongly parses/stores them.

Is there any difference between tcpdump and wireshark capturing? Can I configure tcpdump to capture just like wireshark does? (I tried -s 0 or -s 65536 and this did not help)

Command used : tcpdump -s 0 -w <file>

Thank you!

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