linuxgeek: Re: [LINUX_Newbies] Re: grub and how to delete "Ubuntu";two Linuxdistribution,I want to delete one distribution;gparted?

Do Mär 28 19:19:49 2013
Good evening.
Thank You for help.

> > How can I check this?
> > Can I find in www
> > the difference between SATA abd PATA?

Yes. You can find out a better definition than I will give here
by searching the web. In short, the difference between Serial ATA (SATA) and
Parallel ATA (PATA) is how the computer communicates with the hard drive.
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OK

PATA is older technology that is still found in many computers.
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OK

Can I see this with lspci?

It has a
theoretical limit of 133 MB per second. Because the computer was
communicating
with the hard drive in parallel and because of the possibility of
interference
between the 80 wires used to connect PATA to a computer, a PATA cable can be
a maximum of 45 cm long. The need for additional speed without the
limitations
of parallel communication and possible interference drove the designers to
come up with a new standard which turned out to be SATA. Note: of the 80
wires in PATA, only 40 are actually used. The other unused wires help with
the interference issue.
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Pata
and sata
are description of the hardware?

A SATA device uses only 7 wires for the interface cable. Just getting rid
of all of those wires helps tremendously. SATA comes in three speeds:
SATA 1 is limited to 150 MB/s
SATA 2 is limited to 300 MB/s
SATA 3 is limited to 600 MB/s

Cables are limited to 1 meter. With SATA came an additional standard called
eSATA which is meant to convey "external SATA." These devices are used for
things such as external hard drives where you don't want to pay a
performance
penalty. Because these are designed to run to external devices, the
specification
for the cables is much stricter. Better wire sheilding is required. The
limit
for eSATA cables is 2 meters.
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OK

Most computers manufactured in the last 5 years offer 2 to 4 or more SATA
connectors. Many offer at most 1 PATA connector and many no longer offer
PATA connectors at all.
<snip>
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Where is it important to know
this pc is sata that pc is pata?

> I take the line where "Mounted on" is /. That partition or
> "Filesystem" as in the listing above is /dev/sda3. In your
> case, it is /dev/sda6. Removing the trailing number that
> means the disk where you want to install grub is /dev/sda.
> *
>
> Sorry
> I cannot understand.
> So I did not deleted the lines above.
>

OK, let me try again. You can think of the "/" partition as
the operating system.
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OK

This is an oversimplification but will
work for now.
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OK

When you select Xubuntu from the grub menu,
The Xubuntu operating system is loaded with /
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Like a root?

also known as
the root file system being mapped to /dev/sda6 in your case.
All that means is the first SD drive (a) and the 6th
partition (6) on that drive.
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OK

<snip>
>
> /dev/hd* is for IDE or ATA devices.*
> This I dont understand.

It is just a standard developed by the creators of Linux.
They refered to PATA (also known as IDE and ATA and ATAPI)
drives using the two characters "hd" I think meaning
harddisk device. So the first PATA hard drive would be
/dev/hda. The partition number is then added after the
drive. The third partition on the first PATA drive would
be /dev/hda3.

<snip>
> For example, on your system, Xubuntu's / is on partition
> 6 listed as /dev/sda6.
> *
> Is that the operatin system?
>

Yes, but as I mentioned above when you get to know a bit
more about Linux you will realize this is an over simplification.
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OK

> <snip>
> I started out keeping everything Linux
> under a single partition. When I found out from suggestions
> on this list that keeping a separate data partition would
> be a good idea, I incorporated that in my next install.
> My suggestion would be that you might want to do this
> the next time there is a Xubuntu upgrade.
> *
> What is the relationship between update and and change the partition?
>

Let me define three phrases here:
Update: Usually a change for bug fixes or security to the OS or software
installed under your Xubuntu operating system.
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OK

Upgrade: When a new version of Xubuntu comes out. I assume you are
running Xubuntu 12.04 or 12.10.*
I am using now 13.04
and I do not know why
I updated and there there is 13.04.

It is my mistake.

When 13.04 comes out in April this year
you will have the opportunity but NOT the requirement to upgrade to the
new version.
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Question.
I was reading I have to upgrade.

Why.

There is an upgrade
from Pangolin to Quantal

but there is no update
from Hardy to Pangolin
because it is said
only one step is possible.

Is this wrong?

Xubuntu may have the option of upgrading in place which
means the OS will present you with the ability to get the new version
without a complete reinstallation.
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Is upgrade an new install?

Change the partition. Any time you take a section of a hard drive and
modify that section by shrinking its size, expanding its size, or
installing a completely different OS or OS version on it.
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OK

Thank You.

Regards
Sophie